Efficacy of ion-channel inhibitors amantadine, memantine and rimantadine for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro

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We report the in vitro efficacy of ion-channel inhibitors amantadine, memantine and rimantadine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In VeroE6 cells, rimantadine was most potent followed by memantine and amantadine (50% effective concentrations: 36, 80 and 116 μM, respectively). Rimantadine also showed the highest selectivity index, followed by amantadine and memantine (17.3, 12.2 and 7.6, respectively). Similar results were observed in human hepatoma Huh7.5 and lung carcinoma A549-hACE2 cells. Inhibitors interacted in a similar antagonistic manner with remdesivir and had a similar barrier to viral escape. Rimantadine acted mainly at the viral post-entry level and partially at the viral entry level. Based on these results, rimantadine showed the most promise for treatment of SARS-CoV-2.

OriginalsprogEngelsk
Artikelnummer2082
TidsskriftViruses
Vol/bind13
Udgave nummer10
ISSN1999-4915
DOI
StatusUdgivet - 2021

Bibliografisk note

Funding Information:
Funding: This work was supported by PhD stipends from the Candys Foundation (K.A.G., A.O., J.B., J.M.G.) and the China Scholarship Council (Y.Z., J.M.G.) (CSC NO. 201806910045) as well as by grants from the Danish Agency for Science and Higher Education (S.R., J.B., J.M.G.) and the Novo Nordisk Foundation (J.B.).

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

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